SS Seamless stainless steel specialty tubing is utilized for a variety of applications in extreme environments, including air, steam, and liquid flow. Many professional manufacturers in this area produce smooth, stainless steel tubes with diameters ranging from 1 inch to finer than human hair, often in continuous lengths exceeding 1 mile.
A smooth stainless steel tube is typically made via extruding, pistol grinding, or cutting. Despite this, the extrusion cycle creates the most standardized OD (outer diameter) and the most intense ID (inner diameter) in the center (inside diameter). Extrusion is also the only method for producing a smooth, long-lasting ASTM B135 UNS C27200 Seamless Tube. The raw material is initially formed into smooth hot extruded tubing. After that, the material is depleted in ice. The raw material is processed in a long straight shape using tube reducers known as Pilfer mills at this stage.
Because cold pilfering is a longitudinal cold-rolling method that reduces the diameter of the steel tube and the thickness of the wall in one operation, it may maintain consistent ODs and concentrated IDs. In a single operational time, this method delivers sectional reductions of over 90% for various material forms.
Lubricants are used to reduce the tube on the OD and ID, and the tubing is subsequently degreased before annealing. Typically, this process yields lengths of roughly 40 feet to 160 feet in total after reduction. For the formation of lengthy sections of smooth tubing in a coil shape, the cold reduction is the most successful method.
There are two main drawing operations used
Floating Plug
Pushing the tube into a conical die and then inserting a floating plug into the ID is known as a floating plug drawing. The ID and thickness of the resulting wall are scaled according to the die and pin used. Floating plug drawing produces a cleaner, more durable outcome, although it is only visible on somewhat light wall goods.
Sink Drawing
Sink drawing refers to the process of drawing tubing into a conical die and determining the ID and wall thickness based on the drawing and tube characteristics. Sink drawing is utilized in high-pressure situations where there is a necessity for a thick relative wall thickness. The ID is usually a little rougher than the drawing of the floating plug.
The tube coils, as previously stated, include OD and ID lubricants to aid in the drawing process. For most end-use applications, the lubricant is extracted (degraded) from the pipe (liquid delivery, surgical, etc.). It is completed in one step in a large degreasing jar containing solvent.
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