Banana is cultivated as a popular fruit, and it is a fruit found in any season throughout the year. Many nutrients are present in bananas, which are very beneficial for the human body. For example, the amount of phosphorus, sugar, and calcium is good for the human body. Apart from eating, bananas are also used in making flour, vegetables and chips. Banana is produced in large quantities in Maharashtra and states like Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
The size of the leaves of banana plants is about 2 meters long, and the leaves are also broader. Therefore, the leaves of banana plants are known as the most extended leaves. Because of this, these leaves are used as a plate for eating food in south India. And they are also used for decoration purposes. Therefore, banana is in demand throughout the year. Due to this, it is also effortless to sell, and farmers can earn a good profit by cultivating bananas.
Suitable Soil, Climate & Temperature
Banana cultivation requires loamy soil containing organic matter, and it is also necessary to have land with proper drainage. Plants are more prone to disease by being cultivated on waterlogged land. Also, the pH of the land should be between 6 and 8. Also, use highly efficient tractor like Mahindra tractor for land preparation. It will add some extra benefits to the process.
Climate is also very important in banana cultivation. A tropical climate is required for its plants to grow well. The rainy season is considered suitable for the growth of plants, but do not let the rain waterlog in the field. Moreover, its plants can tolerate a maximum temperature of 40 degrees and a minimum of 14 degrees.
Field Preparation & Fertilizer
Before planting banana plants in the field, the field is prepared a month in advance. For this, the area is first well ploughed deeply. After pressing, the field is left open like this for some time. After this, apply the rotavator in the field and do two to three slant ploughing with the help of good tractors like Swaraj 855. It will make the soil of the area completely friable. After the ground becomes friable, level the field’s soil by applying a Pata. After this, the pits are prepared for planting seedlings in the area.
These pits are prepared in rows, and we must keep a distance of one and a half meters between the holes designed in rows. These pits should be about a foot deep and wide. After digging the pits, the proper amount of fertiliser has to be given in these pits, for which 25 K.G. old dung manure and 100 GM B. First, the amount of H.C. has to be mixed well in the soil-filled the holes. After that, rinse these pits.
These pits are prepared a month in advance. After a month, the plants are transplanted by making a small pit in these pits. One month after transplanting, 60 gm of nitrogen has to be given to the plants. This action is repeated for three months. After this, when the flowers start forming on the plants, give 60 gm of nitrogen to the plants.
Plants Fertilizer Quantity
Banana seeds are planted in the form of seedlings. Therefore, we should buy its plants from a registered nursery. The plants purchased should be healthy and of good quality. The month of May 15 to July 15 is considered suitable for transplanting these plants, and the month of June is also ideal for planting seedlings because banana plants grow well in the rainy season. Before planting its plants, they are treated with Bavistin. After this, they are produced in the prepared pits.
Irrigation
If banana plants are planted in the rainy season, they do not require much irrigation. Its first irrigation is done immediately after transplanting. Apart from this, its plants have to be watered once a week in the summer season. And in the winter season, give water at an interval of 10 to 12 days. Irrigation of plants is done when needed during the rainy season.
Weed Control
The natural method is used for weed control in banana plants. Banana plants do not require much hoeing. The first hoeing of its plants is done after one month, and after that, weeds should be done when weeds appear in the field.
Harvesting
Banana fruits are harvested in two ways. It is first gathered as a raw fruit used to make vegetables and flour. The second harvesting is done during the ripening of the fruit. For this, when the colour of the fruits starts appearing yellow, we should pluck them. The weight of a circle of bananas is about 20 to 25 kg, so farmers can get an annual yield of about 60 to 70 tonnes from one hectare of field. The market price of bananas is Rs 20 to 30 per kg, due to which farmers can earn up to 6 lakhs from one hectare of area.
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